Między koniecznością a wyborem Rudymentarna forma wolnej woli na przykładzie działania spontanicznego w modelu zmienności behawioralnej

Rudymentarna forma wolnej woli na przykładzie działania spontanicznego w modelu zmienności behawioralnej

Abstrakt

The article proposes that the concept of
free will can be analysed outside the framework of traditional philosophical debates, within
the context of philosophy of biology and discussions on spontaneous behaviour from an
evolutionary perspective. The author argues that free will can be understood as a manifes-
tation of nondeterministic behaviour, even in organisms possessing only rudimentary forms
of consciousness. The paper references Björn Brembs’ model which describes spontaneous
activity as a nonlinear process. According to the author, this model aligns well with the
biological theory of behavioural variability. Björn Brembs’ thesis on behavioural variability
states that the spontaneous behaviour of animals (including humans) arises from nondeter-
ministic processes and is the result of nonlinear mechanisms in biological systems. According
to Brembs, behavioural variability is not merely the outcome of random fluctuations or
chaos but emerges from the intrinsic dynamics of biological systems, which can generate
spontaneity in a systematic and predictable way within certain boundaries. Brembs’ model
suggests that spontaneous activity is crucial for the survival of organisms, as it enables them
to adapt and respond flexibly to changing environments, not relying solely on simple cause­
‐and­‐effect determinism. These processes can be mathematically described as nonlinear,
meaning that even small changes in initial conditions can lead to significant differences in
behaviour. As a result, behavioural variability becomes a biologically advantageous mecha-
nism, enhancing an organism’s ability to explore its environment and avoid threats.